en <div style=text-align: justify;><strong>Aims: </strong>We aimed to investigate the association between health beliefs and exercise behavior in infertile women at risk of developing osteoporosis.<br> <strong>Instrument & Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Sanandaj city, west of Iran, in 2018. Four hundred and eighty-three infertile women were included in the study through convenience sampling from 35 comprehensive healthcare centers. Standardized face-to-face interviews were conducted using established and reliable instruments to assess exercise behavior and health beliefs. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using Logistic regression models, Chi-square, independent t-test, and Pearson correlations. <span dir=RTL></span><br> <strong>Findings:</strong> Employed women compared to homemakers had substantially higher odds of adopting exercise behaviors (OR=3.19; 95% CI=1.53-6.66; p<0.01). Moreover, the odds of exercise behavior adoption increased with self-efficacy (OR=1.35; 95% CI=1.2-1.52; p<0.01), and decreased with perceived barriers (OR=0.9; 95% CI=0.84-0.97; p<0.01).<br> <strong>Conclusion:</strong> It is essential to increase perceived self-efficacy and reduce perceived barriers to promote exercise behaviors in infertile women. Consequently, health professionals should develop or adopt appropriate strategies to decrease barriers and increase self-efficacy to enhance exercise behaviors in this group of women.</div> Infertility,Women,Exercise,Osteoporosis,Self-Efficacy,HBM and TTM, 295 301 http://hehp.modares.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-10928-7&slc_lang=en&sid=4 L. Allahqoli 1003194753284600222855 1003194753284600222855 No School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran A. Rahmani 1003194753284600222856 1003194753284600222856 No Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran A. Fallahi arezofalahi91@gmail.com 1003194753284600222857 1003194753284600222857 Yes Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran R. Ghanei Gheshlagh 1003194753284600222858 1003194753284600222858 No Spiritual Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran T. Volken 1003194753284600222859 1003194753284600222859 No School of Health Professions, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland A. Allahveisi 1003194753284600222860 1003194753284600222860 No Department of Anatomy, Infertility Center of Besat Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran M. Zarei 1003194753284600222861 1003194753284600222861 No Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran B. Nemat 1003194753284600222862 1003194753284600222862 No Health Network of Sanandaj, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran