en Descriptive & Survey <p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4f81bd">Aims:</span></span></span></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> Occupational hazards in healthcare settings threaten the safety of medical students, whose protective behaviors during clinical training are vital for their well-being and patient care. This study applied protection motivation theory to identify key determinants of protective behaviors among medical students. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4f81bd">Instrument & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2025 among 420 medical students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected using demographic and protection motivation theory-based questionnaires. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS 18.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4f81bd">Findings:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Participants had a mean age of 22.45&plusmn;3.90 years; 61% were female. Perceived susceptibility (p=0.003), intention (p<0.001), and behavior (p=0.002) significantly predicted protection motivation. Self-efficacy (p=0.001), intention (p=0.001), and protection motivation (p=0.002) significantly predicted protective behaviors.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#4f81bd">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Self-efficacy, intention, and protection motivation are the strongest determinants of students&rsquo; safety behaviors.</span></span></span></span></span></p> Health Behaviors,Occupational Injuries,Self-Efficacy,Social Vulnerability, 173 180 http://hehp.daneshafarand.org/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-99&slc_lang=en&sid=4 F. Estebsari 1003194753284600380480 1003194753284600380480 No “Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery” and “Medical Ethics and Law Research Center”, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran S. Ghorbanzadeh 1003194753284600380481 1003194753284600380481 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran E. Goodarzi 1003194753284600380482 1003194753284600380482 No Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran A. Shahsavari 1003194753284600380483 1003194753284600380483 No Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Aligoudarz School of Nursing, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran M. Mohammadi 1003194753284600380484 1003194753284600380484 No Department of Public Health, St. John University, York, United Kingdom A. Sheikh Milani 1003194753284600380485 1003194753284600380485 No Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Z. Rahimi Khalifeh Kandi 1003194753284600380486 1003194753284600380486 Yes Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran